Computer Knowledge (Set-I)

Explanation:

VDU (Visual Display Unit): This term generally refers to a display screen, and in some contexts, it is considered an output device, though it’s often associated with input-output functionalities.

Keyboard: An input device used to enter text and commands.
Monitor: An output device, as it displays information from the computer but does not send data to it.
Light Pen: An input device used to interact with the screen by detecting light.

Explanation:
An Assembler is a specialized translator that converts assembly language (a low-level programming language) into machine code (binary instructions that the computer’s CPU can execute).

A Compiler translates high-level programming languages (like C or Java) into machine code or intermediate code.

A Linker combines multiple object files (produced by a compiler or assembler) into a single executable program.

A Loader loads the executable program into memory for execution by the CPU.

Thus, the translator specifically for low-level programming languages (assembly language) is an Assembler.

Explanation:
Application programs are specialized software designed to perform specific tasks for the user, such as word processing, spreadsheet management, graphic design, or database management.

Examples include Microsoft Word, Excel, Photoshop, and web browsers.

Explanation:

Mouse ball is dirty: In older mechanical mice (with a ball underneath), dirt or debris can accumulate on the ball or the rollers inside, causing erratic movement. Cleaning the mouse often resolves this issue.

IRQ setting is not proper: While incorrect IRQ settings could cause hardware conflicts, this is rarely the reason for mouse pointer issues, especially with modern USB mice.

The virus in the system: A virus could potentially cause unusual pointer behavior, but this is less common compared to hardware or driver issues.

The driver is not installed properly: While a missing or corrupt driver can lead to the mouse not functioning correctly, it is less likely to cause the pointer to move erratically unless the driver is completely incompatible.

Explanation:

Mnemonic is a human-readable abbreviation or symbol that represents a machine language instruction in assembly language. For example:
MOV (move data)
ADD (add values)
SUB (subtract values)

These are easier to understand and remember compared to binary machine code.

The other options do not correctly describe a mnemonic:

Abbreviation for data word stored at the operand address and abbreviation for the operand address are unrelated to mnemonics.
Shorthand for machine language is incorrect; mnemonics represent instructions in assembly language, not the raw machine language itself.

Explanation:

A Macro processor is responsible for performing macro expansion. Macros are sequences of instructions or code that are defined once and can be reused multiple times in the program. The macro processor replaces macro calls with their expanded code before the actual assembly or compilation process.

Macro preprocessor and Macro pro-processor are not commonly used terms in the context of programming and macro handling.

An Assembler translates assembly language into machine code but does not handle macro expansion directly.

Thus, Macro processor is the translator responsible for macro expansion tasks.

The correct answer is Busses.

Explanation:

Busses are communication pathways on the motherboard that transfer data, signals, and power between various components, such as the CPU, memory, storage devices, and peripherals.

CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) is a small amount of memory used to store BIOS settings but does not handle data transfer.

Bays are spaces within the computer case for installing devices like hard drives or optical drives, and they do not transfer information.

Flash memory is a type of storage used in devices like SSDs and USB drives but is not responsible for transferring data on the motherboard.

The correct answer is DPI (Dots Per Inch).

Explanation:

DPI (Dots Per Inch): It measures the resolution of a printer, indicating how many dots of ink or toner the printer can apply per inch. Higher DPI values result in sharper and clearer printed images or text.

CPM (Characters Per Minute): Used to measure the speed of typewriters or some dot matrix printers, not relevant for laser printer resolution.

PPM (Pages Per Minute): Refers to the speed of a printer, indicating how many pages it can print in a minute, not its resolution.

LPM (Lines Per Minute): Used for line printers, mainly in industrial settings, and unrelated to resolution.